The U.S. Surgeon General has issued an advisory, encouraging more Americans to carry the overdose reversing drug naloxone.
It comes in the form of an injection or a nasal spray, known as Narcan, and is regularly carried by firefighters, EMTs and police officers, but the antidote is also becoming more and more common in Ohio schools.
In Lisbon, Education is More Than English and Math
Students at David Anderson Junior and Senior High School in Lisbon, Ohio, file into the auditorium on a Thursday morning.
A student group has organized a day of workshops for their classmates about making good decisions, and it starts with a visit from an inmate at the Columbiana County Jail.
Brandi is 24 years old, pregnant with her fifth child, and awaiting sentencing for crimes she said she committed to feed her addiction.
鈥淥nce you do it, you鈥檙e chasing your high and it鈥檚 not fun because it becomes a physical addiction to where you will get sick if you don鈥檛 have it so you鈥檙e constantly chasing it,鈥� Brandi told the students.
The rural school district near the Pennsylvania border serves about 900 students in a county where the number of drug overdose deaths doubled between 2015 and 2016.
Lisbon Exempted Village Superintendent Joe Siefke said, like much of the state, his county has an opioid problem.
That鈥檚 why they鈥檙e focusing more time on educating students about the risks of drug use, like at the morning assembly.
It鈥檚 also why, just last month, they began supplying their school nurse with a new medication.
Stocking Narcan
Nurse Kella Haren unlocked the cabinet where she keeps student prescriptions, some over the counter medicines like aspirin, and her two dose kit of Narcan.
Narcan is an opioid antagonist, a nasal spray that within minutes can reverse the effects of an opioid overdose.
鈥淪omebody that鈥檚 got a slower respiratory rate. They might be a little limp, like their muscle tone鈥檚 not right, and blue. Blue lips,鈥� Haren said, describing what an overdose patient might look like.
Haren and a select group of Lisbon school employees were trained on how to administer the drug, but Superintendent Siefke said the likelihood that staff will use Narcan to revive a student is slim.
鈥淥ur main concern was not only during the school hours, but during the off hours,鈥� Siefke said, 鈥渂ecause we are such an open facility for our community and loved ones are coming in, seeing their kids perform, doing multiple things.鈥�
Lisbon is one of the latest Ohio school districts to stock the antidote, but isn鈥檛 alone.
Hundreds of Employees Learn to Administer Narcan in Dublin Schools
Dublin City Schools, near Columbus, has had Narcan in all 19 of its buildings since 2016.
鈥淚 don鈥檛 have any quantitative data to share, but I鈥檓 very sure we were the first school system in Ohio to adopt it,鈥� Dublin Deputy Superintendent Tracey Miller said.
His district of 16,000 students has taken a slightly different approach to Narcan training.
Miller said hundreds of employees- from teachers to coaches to custodians- know how to use the nasal spray that has no negative health effects if administered to someone who鈥檚 not experiencing an opioid overdose.
鈥淲hat we didn鈥檛 want is for someone to begin showing signs of an overdose and then, all of a sudden, they鈥檙e like okay, who鈥檚 trained to do this? Who鈥檚 trained to do this?鈥� Miller said.
鈥淭hen, what if that designated person, whoever that is, what if they weren鈥檛 available? Well the answer is we want everybody to be trained to do this,鈥� he added.
In Miller鈥檚 Franklin County, overdose deaths increased by nearly 50 percent from 2016 to 2017, and Miller says his community fully supported the local board of education鈥檚 position to stock the antidote, but that wasn鈥檛 the case for Akron City Schools last year.
Akron鈥檚 Community Pushback
鈥淲e had people on one side saying we were encouraging kids to use those drugs and overdose,鈥� Director of Student Support Services for Akron City Schools Dan Rambler said. 鈥淭hat I think is a fairly ridiculous statement.鈥�
Rambler equated Narcan to fire extinguishers. They鈥檙e not there to encourage students to light fires, but are in every school in case of an emergency.
鈥淗uman life is important,鈥� he said. 鈥淩egardless if people make horrible choices or not, you still save them, you still keep them alive, you try to get them to be better.鈥�
In Akron, school resource officers are largely responsible for storing and administering the antidote. Below, Officer Kevin Evans, stationed at North High School, explains how Narcan works.
How Much Does It Cost?
There鈥檚 no central database tracking the number of Ohio schools that have Narcan on their campuses because it鈥檚 supplied in different ways.
Lisbon Schools got its kits for free through an Ohio Department of Health Program.
In Akron, the high school Narcan kits were provided by a pharmaceutical company and the district paid $100 each for the 8 in the middle schools, and in Dublin, the Board of Education purchased more than 20 of the $50 kits on its own.
So far, all three districts say they haven鈥檛 had to use the overdose reversing drug, but they鈥檙e glad they have it. Just in case.
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